Publication year: 2010 Source: Paediatric Respiratory Reviews, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 6 March 2010 Anna, Tsang , Carmel, Moriarty , Susan, Towns With survival now into the fourth decade and rapid growth of the adolescent and adult population of people with cystic fibrosis CF 1 sexual and reproductive health issues are integral to the management of adolescents and adults with CF. Education and counseling for sexual health related issues must be included in the daily routine of CF care. With advances in genetic counseling, contraception, assisted reproductive technology and collaborative management adolescents and young adults with CF realizing their sexual and reproductive potentials safely and realistically can be possible . more >>
Publication year: 2010 Source: Paediatric Respiratory Reviews, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 4 March 2010 Gail, Nankivell , Patrina, Caldwell , Jennifer, Follett Urinary incontinence has been found to be common in girls and women with cystic fibrosis (CF)[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11] and [12]. This often can have a marked impact on daily activities and quality of life[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11] and [12]. It may also lead to potential deterioration of respiratory status due to reduced adherence to forced expiratory manoeuvres (cough, lung function tests and exercise) by the girls trying to avoid occurrence of urinary incontinence (UI)11. Analysis of the literature is limited by the fact that different... more >>
Publication year: 2010 Source: Paediatric Respiratory Reviews, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 4 March 2010 Cindy, Thamrin , Georgette, Stern , Urs, Frey There is increasing interest in the study of fractals in medicine. In this review, we provide an overview of fractals, of techniques available to describe fractals in physiological data, and we propose some reasons why a physician might benefit from an understanding of fractals and fractal analysis, with an emphasis on paediatric respiratory medicine where possible. Among these reasons are the ubiquity of fractal organisation in nature and in the body, and how changes in this organisation over the lifespan provide insight into development and senescence. Fractal properties have also been shown to be altered in disease and even to... more >>
Publication year: 2010 Source: Paediatric Respiratory Reviews, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 4 March 2010 Gail, Nankivell , Patrina, Caldwell , Jennifer, Follett Urinary incontinence has been found to be common in girls and women with cystic fibrosis (CF)[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11] and [12]. This often can have a marked impact on daily activities and quality of life[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11] and [12]. It may also lead to potential deterioration of respiratory status due to reduced adherence to forced expiratory manoeuvres (cough, lung function tests and exercise) by the girls trying to avoid occurrence of urinary incontinence (UI)11. Analysis of the literature is limited by the fact that different... more >>
Publication year: 2010 Source: Paediatric Respiratory Reviews, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 4 March 2010 Cindy, Thamrin , Georgette, Stern , Urs, Frey There is increasing interest in the study of fractals in medicine. In this review, we provide an overview of fractals, of techniques available to describe fractals in physiological data, and we propose some reasons why a physician might benefit from an understanding of fractals and fractal analysis, with an emphasis on paediatric respiratory medicine where possible. Among these reasons are the ubiquity of fractal organisation in nature and in the body, and how changes in this organisation over the lifespan provide insight into development and senescence. Fractal properties have also been shown to be altered in disease and even to... more >>
Publication year: 2010 Source: Paediatric Respiratory Reviews, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 25 February 2010 Edmund M.T., Lau , Carmel, Moriarty , Robert, Ogle , Peter T., Bye The management of a pregnancy in a woman with cystic fibrosis is usually achieved with successful outcomes for mother and child with appropriate mutidisciplinary care. The process begins prior to conception and requires frequent monitoring of the mother's respiratory staus, level of glycaemic control and obstetric welbeing. Recent reports have suggested that pregnancy can be managed without a persisting decrement in lung function beyond what may be expected in women with cystic fibrosis who are not pregnant. With the increasingly positive outcomes for people with cystic fibrosis, it is likely that more couples will chose to pursue pregnancy, cognisant of... more >>
Publication year: 2010 Source: Paediatric Respiratory Reviews, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 23 February 2010 Andrew J.A., Holland , Dominic A., Fitzgerald The successful operative management of oesophageal atresia and tracheo-oesophageal atresia has been available for approximately 70 years. During this time neonatal intensive care has evolved, surgical techniques have improved and consequently near 100% survival for this condition may now be achieved. In keeping with promising results, the co-morbidities of the condition have gained increasing recognition. In this article, the clinical course from antenatal assessments, neonatal surgery and co-morbidities from infancy to adulthood are reviewed to provide a broad overview of the condition. more >>
Publication year: 2010 Source: Paediatric Respiratory Reviews, Volume 11, Issue 1, March 2010, Pages 46-53 Marie D., Frazier , Ira M., Cheifetz Helium-oxygen (heliox) gas mixtures have been studied for over 70 years as an adjunctive therapy for airway obstruction in a variety of respiratory diseases. The medical use of heliox is based on the physical properties of helium as its low density makes it advantageous in promoting more efficient flow through narrowed passages. Clinical evidence of the efficacy of heliox in treating paediatric respiratory diseases is increasing in the medical literature. This article consists of a comprehensive review of the literature investigating the utility of heliox in the treatment of paediatric respiratory disorders, including upper and lower airway obstruction, mechanical ventilation,... more >>
Publication year: 2010 Source: Paediatric Respiratory Reviews, Volume 11, Issue 1, March 2010, Pages 46-53 Marie D., Frazier , Ira M., Cheifetz Helium-oxygen (heliox) gas mixtures have been studied for over 70 years as an adjunctive therapy for airway obstruction in a variety of respiratory diseases. The medical use of heliox is based on the physical properties of helium as its low density makes it advantageous in promoting more efficient flow through narrowed passages. Clinical evidence of the efficacy of heliox in treating paediatric respiratory diseases is increasing in the medical literature. This article consists of a comprehensive review of the literature investigating the utility of heliox in the treatment of paediatric respiratory disorders, including upper and lower airway obstruction, mechanical ventilation,... more >>
Publication year: 2010 Source: Paediatric Respiratory Reviews, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 25 January 2010 Dominic A., Fitzgerald more >>
Publication year: 2010 Source: Paediatric Respiratory Reviews, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 25 January 2010 Sven M., Schulzke , J. Jane, Pillow Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is associated with increased mortality and significant long-term cardiorespiratory and neurodevelopmental sequelae. Treatment of evolving BPD in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) is challenging due to the complex interplay of contributing risk factors which include preterm birth per se, supplemental oxygen, positive pressure ventilation, patent ductus arterious, and pre- and postnatal infection. Management of evolving BPD requires a multimodal approach including adequate nutrition, careful fluid management, effective and safe pharmacotherapy, and respiratory support aiming at minimal lung injury. Among pharmacological interventions, caffeine has the best risk-benefit profile. Systemic postnatal corticosteroids should be reserved to ventilated infants... more >>
Publication year: 2010 Source: Paediatric Respiratory Reviews, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 25 January 2010 Lucia J., Smith , Karen O., McKay , Peter P., van Asperen , Hiran, Selvadurai , Dominic A., Fitzgerald The following review focuses on the normal development of the lung from conception to birth. The defined periods of lung development–Embryonic, Pseudoglandular, Canalicular, Saccular and Alveolar–will be explored in detail in relation to gestational age. Cellular differentiation, formation of the conducting airways and respiratory zone and development of the alveoli will be reviewed. Pulmonary vascular development will also be examined within these periods to relate the formation of the blood-air barrier to the lungs for their essential function of gas exchange after birth. The development of the surfactant and cortisol systems will also be discussed as these need to be... more >>
Publication year: 2010 Source: Paediatric Respiratory Reviews, In Press, Corrected Proof, Available online 25 January 2010 Robert, Primhak The history of oxygen therapy in neonatology has been littered with error. Controversies remain in a number of areas of oxygen therapy, including targets and strategies in supplemental oxygen therapy in Chronic Neonatal Lung Disease (CNLD). This article reviews some of these controversies, and makes some recommendations based on the available evidence. In graduates of neonatal units who are left with CNLD, oxygen saturation should be kept above 93-95%, with levels below 90% being avoided as far as possible. Titration of oxygen should be done using oximetry recordings which include periods of different activities. Weaning of oxygen supplementation should only... more >>
